Cosma / Communication / Media / Computation / Electronic / Calculator
A calculator adds and divides,
Subtracts, and finds products, besides.
You can also compute
A percent or square root—
All without an old ruler that slides. —
Jesse Frankovich, calculator, OEDILF
—————————
Introduction1
Dictionary
calculator : a usually electronic device for performing mathematical calculations — Webster
OneLook, Free Dictionary, Wiktionary
Thesaurus
Roget’s II (Thesaurus.com), Merriam-Webster Thesaurus, Visuwords
Encyclopedia
Electronic calculator is a small, portable, usually inexpensive electronic device used to perform the basic operations of arithmetic. Modern calculators are more portable than most computers, though most PDAs are comparable in size to handheld calculators. The first solid state electronic calculator was created in the 1960s, building on the history of tools such as the abacus, developed around 2000 BC; and the mechanical calculator, developed in the 17th century. It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day. Pocket-sized devices become available in the 1970s, especially after the invention of the microprocessor developed serendipitously by Intel for a Busicom calculator. Modern electronic calculators vary from cheap, give-away, credit-card sized models to sturdy desktop models with built-in printers. They became popular in the mid-1970s as integrated circuits made their size and cost small. By the end of that decade, calculator prices had reduced to a point where a basic calculator was affordable to most and they became common in schools. — Wikipedia
Calculator (Encyclopædia Britannica)
Search
———————-
Innovation
Using Built-In Google Calculator (Google Guide)
Google Calculator Cheat Sheet (Google Guide)
Science
(Free) Science Apps, Converters and Calculators
Scientific calculator (Wikipedia)
Commerce
7 Essential Financial Calculator Apps for Android and iPhone (GE Miller, MintLife)
————————–
Preservation
History
Crash Course: Computer Science (YouTube Channel)
Electronic Calculators: Desktop to Pocket (Engineering and Technology History Wiki)
The Pocket Calculator Race (Vintage Calculators Web Museum)
Vintage Calculators Web Museum
History of Electronic Calculators (James Redin)
Electronic Calculator History (Alex Knight)
Hewlett-Packard 9100A (Wikipedia)
Museum
Electronic Calculators—Desktop (National Museum of American History)
Electronic Calculators—Handheld (National Museum of American History)
The Calculator Museum Web Page
Old Calculator Museum
Museum of Hewlett Packard Calculators
Library
WorldCat, Library of Congress, UPenn Online Books, Open Library
—————————
Participation
Education
MERLOT: Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching
OER Commons: Open Educational Resources
News
Book
Government
Document
———————-
Expression
Fun
Performing Arts
Poem
OEDILF: The Omnificent English Dictionary In Limerick Form
——–
Here are links to pages about closely related subjects.
Function | Communications | Computation | Storage | Creation | Simulation |
Analog | Device | Paper | Type, Print | Automaton | |
Electronic | Network | Calculator | Tape | Record | Elektro |
Digital | Internet | Computer | |||
Hardware | Modem | Microprocessor | Memory | Peripheral | Robot, XR |
Software | Service (Web) | Program (OS, SS) | Database | Application | AI, VW |
Format Multimedia (Video, Animation) Image (Object) Scent, Flavor, Audio (Text) Haptic, “Other“
——
1. The resources on this page are are organized by a classification scheme developed exclusively for Cosma.