Tree of Life

Cosma / Communication / Knowledge / Realm / Terrestrial / Life / Tree of Life
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Introduction1

FuseSchool Global Education (YouTube Channel)
FuseSchool (Facebook)

Encyclopedia

Tree of life or Universal Tree of Life is a metaphor, model and research tool used to explore the evolution of life and describe the relationships between organisms, both living and extinct, as described in a famous passage in Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species (1859).

The affinities of all the beings of the same class have some-
times been represented by a great tree. I believe this simile
largely speaks the truth. — Charles Darwin

Tree diagrams originated in the medieval era to represent genealogical relationships. Phylogenetic tree diagrams in the evolutionary sense date back to at least the early 19th century. The term phylogeny for the evolutionary relationships of species through time was coined by Ernst Haeckel, who went further than Darwin in proposing phylogenic histories of life. In contemporary usage, tree of life refers to the compilation of comprehensive phylogenetic databases rooted at the last universal common ancestor of life on Earth. — Wikipedia

Tree of Life (Encyclopædia Britannica)

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Exploration

Gaia’s Greenhouse

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Inspiration

Cabinet of Wonders: Personal Collection of Alfred Russel Wallace (Lisa-Joy Zgorski, Live Science)
Alfred Russel Wallace (Encyclopædia Britannica)

Articles about the Tree of Life (Big Think)

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Innovation

Science

Phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms. These relationships are determined by phylogenetic inference methods that focus on observed heritable traits, such as DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, or morphology. The result of such an analysis is a phylogenetic tree—a diagram containing a hypothesis of relationships that reflects the evolutionary history of a group of organisms.– Wikipedia

Phylogenetics (Encyclopædia Britannica)

A View of All Known Life (One Zoom)
The Importance of Scientific Names (Catalogue of Life)

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Preservation

Library

DDC: 572.838 Phylogenetic (Library Thing)
Subject: Phylogenetics (Library Thing)

Subject: Phylogenetics (Open Library)

LCC: QH 390 Phylogenetics (UPenn Online Books)
Subject: Phylogenetics (UPenn Online Books)

LCC: QH 390 Phylogenetics (Library of Congress)
Subject: Phylogenetics (Library of Congress)

Subject: Phylogenetics (WorldCat)

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Participation

Education

Science Trek (YouTube Channel)
Kingdoms (Science Trek, Official Website)

Tree of Life (Ology, American Museum of Natural History)
Journey Into Phylogenetic Systematics (Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley)

MERLOT: Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching
OER Commons: Open Educational Resources

Community

Occupation

Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists (CareerOneStop, U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration)

Organization

American Institute of Biological Sciences

News

Phylogenetics (bioRxiv: Preprint Server for Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
Phylogenetics (EurekaAlert, American Association for the Advancement of Science)
Tree of Life (JSTOR)
Phylogenetics (Science Daily)
Phylogenetics (Science News)


More News …

Phys.org - latest science and technology news stories Phys.org internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Physics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine.

  • Botany's answer to Darwin's finches shows...
    on April 27, 2026 at 11:20 am

    A new study reveals how a remarkable group of plants on the Galápagos Islands developed their diverse leaf shapes—offering unique insight into evolution at the genetic level. A large international team of researchers has studied evolution in the plant group Scalesia, also known as the Galápagos giant daisies. The research was recently published in Nature Communications.

  • How accelerating evolution could help corals...
    on April 25, 2026 at 1:00 pm

    As global warming accelerates, extreme heat waves are causing widespread death of tropical reef corals. Most corals rely on tiny algae cells living within their tissues that photosynthesize and produce energy. Corals use this energy to build their skeletons that create the reef structure.

  • Inside 18 years of ape minds, a vast record that...
    on April 25, 2026 at 12:00 pm

    A pioneering project led by researchers from the University of Stirling and the Max Planck Institute has opened the door for new insights into the evolutionary origins of human intelligence, by compiling the largest dataset of great ape cognition available globally.

  • Reeds boost mosquito spread in rivers and ponds
    on April 23, 2026 at 9:40 pm

    Reed, an invasive alien plant that is abundant on the banks of many rivers, ponds and canals, can encourage the growth of common mosquito populations in the absence of natural predators. When the plant's litter accumulates, the chemical properties of the water and the composition of the biological communities in the environment change radically, and this facilitates the development of mosquito larvae in freshwater ecosystems.

  • Do polysaccharide-degrading enzymes also help...
    on April 23, 2026 at 6:40 pm

    Most of the carbon fixed by plants through photosynthesis is ultimately stored in the cell wall, primarily in the form of polysaccharides such as cellulose, xylan, and glucomannan. Yet how plants efficiently synthesize these wall polymers has remained unclear, particularly because polysaccharides such as glucomannan and xylan are prone to aggregation through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions.

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Related

Here are links to pages about closely related subjects.

Knowledge Realm

Terrestrial   (Earth)

Sphere Land, Ice, Water (Ocean), Air, Life (Cell, Gene)
Ecosystem Forest, Grassland, Desert, Arctic, Aquatic

Tree of Life
Microorganism Virus
Prokaryote Archaea, Bacteria
Eukaryote Protist, Fungi, Algae, Protozoa (Tardigrade)
Plant Flower, Tree
Animal
Invertebrate
Cnidaria Coral, Jellyfish
Cephalopod Cuttlefish, Octopus
Crustacean Lobster, Shrimp
Arachnid Spider, Scorpion
Insect Ant, Bee, Beetle, Butterfly
Vertebrate
Fish Seahorse, Ray, Shark
Amphibian Frog, Salamander
Reptile Turtle, Tortoise, Dinosaur
Bird Penguin, Ostrich, Owl, Crow, Parrot
Mammal Platypus, Bat, Mouse, Rabbit, Goat, Giraffe, Camel, Horse, Elephant, Mammoth
Walrus, Seal, Polar Bear, Bear, Panda, Cat, Tiger, Lion, Dog, Wolf
Cetacean Whale, Dolphin
Primate Monkey, Chimpanzee, Human

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Notes

1.   The resources on this page are are organized by a classification scheme developed exclusively for Cosma.