Cosma / Communication / Knowledge / Realm / Terrestrial / Life / Animal / Vertebrate / Ray
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Introduction1
Deep Marine Scenes (YouTube Channel)
Deep Marine Scenes (Facebook)
Dictionary
ray : any of an order (Rajiformes) of usually marine cartilaginous fishes (such as stingrays and skates) having the body flattened dorsoventrally, the eyes on the upper surface, and enlarged pectoral fins fused with the head — Merriam-Webster See also OneLook
Encyclopedia
Ray is a superorder of cartilaginous fish scientifically known as Batoidea. They and their close relatives, the sharks, comprise the subclass Elasmobranchii. Rays are the largest group of cartilaginous fishes, with well over 600 species in 26 families. Rays are distinguished by their flattened bodies, enlarged pectoral fins that are fused to the head, and gill slits that are placed on their ventral surfaces. — Wikipedia
Rays (Florida Museum of Natural History)
Rays, Skates and Sawfish (One Zoom)
Rays (WolframAlpha)
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Inspiration
Diving Underwater With Elusive Devil Rays (Seeker VR, YouTube 360° Video)
Dive with Giant Manta Rays in Mexico (BBC Earth, YouTube 360° Video)
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Innovation
Science
Ichthyology, also called fish science, is the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish, including jawless fish (Agnatha), cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes) and bony fish (Osteichthyes). According to FishBase, 33,400 species of fish had been described as of October 2016, with approximately 250 new species described each year. — Wikipedia
Ichthyology (Encyclopædia Britannica)
FishBase (R. Froese & D. Pauly)
Eschmeyer’s Catalog of Fishes (California Academy of Sciences)
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Preservation
Museum
Sharks & Rays (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History)
Library
DDC: 597.3 Elasmobranchii: Sharks, Rays, etc. (Library Thing)
Subject: Rays (Library Thing)
LCC: QL638.R88 Rays (UPenn Online Books)
Subject: Rays (UPenn Online Books)
LCC: QL638.R88 Rays (Library of Congress)
Subject: Rays (Library of Congress)
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Participation
Education
MERLOT: Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching
OER Commons: Open Educational Resources
Community
Occupation
Organization
American Elasmobranch Society
American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
Zoological Association of America
Association of Zoos and Aquariums
News
Ichthyology & Herpetology (American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists)
Rays (bioRxiv: Preprint Server for Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
Rays (JSTOR)
Government
Fish & Sharks (Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries)
More News …
Phys.org - latest science and technology news stories Phys.org internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Physics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine.
- Sharks' inner ears reveal surprising diversity...on October 5, 2026 at 6:20 pm
A new study of shark anatomy suggests the shape of their inner ears is far more variable than expected, and this variation could have more to do with their evolutionary history than where they live or what they eat.
- Fossil long known as world's oldest reptile...on September 30, 2026 at 9:00 pm
For nearly 30 years, a small fossil from Scotland has been celebrated as one of the earliest known reptiles. A new study out today in Nature and led by researchers at the American Museum of Natural History and the University of Oxford, in collaboration with the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, is rewriting that story.
- Mysterious oarfish's fins inspire large...on September 30, 2026 at 6:40 pm
When designing a large underwater robot that could swim silently to avoid startling sea creatures, roboticist Rob Shepherd considered the unusual swimming system of oarfish, the meters-long fish whose ribbon-like dorsal fin moves in waves to propel its body.
- Biscayne Bay recognized as an essential habitat...on September 28, 2026 at 11:40 am
Biscayne Bay has been designated an Important Shark and Ray Area, recognizing the heavily urbanized estuary as essential habitat for nine shark and two ray species, including threatened and endangered species.
- Seabed surveys around the Isles of Scilly find...on September 23, 2026 at 2:00 pm
Scientists have conducted an unprecedented assessment of the seabed around the Isles of Scilly, revealing complex mosaics of sediment that support a wide range of habitat-building species. The research, led by the University of Plymouth, used a range of techniques to monitor sediments around the archipelago and explore the diversity of species living within them.
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Related
Here are links to pages about closely related subjects.
Sphere Land, Ice, Water (Ocean), Air, Life (Cell, Gene)
Ecosystem Forest, Grassland, Desert, Arctic, Aquatic
Tree of Life
Microorganism Virus
Prokaryote Archaea, Bacteria
Eukaryote Protist, Fungi, Algae, Protozoa (Tardigrade)
Plant Flower, Tree
Animal
Invertebrate
Cnidaria Coral, Jellyfish
Cephalopod Cuttlefish, Octopus
Crustacean Lobster, Shrimp
Arachnid Spider, Scorpion
Insect Ant, Bee, Beetle, Butterfly
Vertebrate
Fish Seahorse, Ray, Shark
Amphibian Frog, Salamander
Reptile Turtle, Tortoise, Dinosaur
Bird Penguin, Ostrich, Owl, Crow, Parrot
Mammal Platypus, Bat, Mouse, Rabbit, Goat, Giraffe, Camel, Horse, Elephant, Mammoth
Walrus, Seal, Polar Bear, Bear, Panda, Cat, Tiger, Lion, Dog, Wolf
Cetacean Whale, Dolphin
Primate Monkey, Chimpanzee, Human
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Notes
1. The resources on this page are are organized by a classification scheme developed exclusively for Cosma.





