Cosma / Communication / Knowledge / Realm / Terrestrial / Life / Animal / Vertebrate / Shark
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Introduction1
Deep Marine Scenes (YouTube Channel)
Deep Marine Scenes (Facebook)
Dictionary
shark : any of numerous mostly marine cartilaginous fishes of medium to large size that have a fusiform body, lateral branchial clefts, and a tough usually dull gray skin roughened by minute tubercles and are typically active predators sometimes dangerous to humans — Merriam-Webster See also OneLook
Encyclopedia
Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimorpha (or Selachii) and are the sister group to the rays. H
Sharks range in size from the small dwarf lanternshark (Etmopterus perryi), a deep sea species of only 17 centimetres (6.7 in) in length, to the whale shark (Rhincodon typus), the largest fish in the world, which reaches approximately 12 metres (40 ft) in length. Sharks are found in all seas and are common to depths of 2,000 metres (6,600 ft). They generally do not live in freshwater although there are a few known exceptions, such as the bull shark and the river shark, which can survive and be found in both seawater and freshwater. Sharks have a covering of dermal denticles that protects their skin from damage and parasites in addition to improving their fluid dynamics. They have numerous sets of replaceable teeth. — Wikipedia
Shark (Encyclopædia Britannica)
Sharks (Florida Museum of Natural History)
Sharks (One Zoom)
Shark (WolframAlpha)
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Inspiration
Great White Sharks: Close Encounter (Curiscope, YouTube 360° Video)
Diving with great white shark (AirPano VR, YouTube 360° Video)
Livestream Sharks! Predators of the Deep (Georgia Aquarium)
Shark Cam (Monterey Bay Aquarium)
Talks about Sharks (TED: Ideas Worth Spreading)
Articles about Sharks (Big Think)
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Innovation
Science
Ichthyology, also called fish science, is the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish, including jawless fish (Agnatha), cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes) and bony fish (Osteichthyes). According to FishBase, 33,400 species of fish had been described as of October 2016, with approximately 250 new species described each year. — Wikipedia
Ichthyology (Encyclopædia Britannica)
Florida Museum of Natural History (YouTube Channel)
Florida Museum of Natural History (Official Website)
Florida Program for Shark Research (Florida Museum of Natural History)
Pacific Shark Research Center
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Preservation
Museum
Mega-toothed Shark (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History)
Sharks (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History)
Sharks & Rays (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History)
Library
DDC: 597.3 Elasmobranchii: Sharks, Rays, etc. (Library Thing)
Subject: Sharks (Library Thing)
Subject: Sharks (Open Library)
LCC: QL 638.95.S7 Sharks (UPenn Online Books)
Subject: Sharks (UPenn Online Books)
LCC: QL638.95.S7 Sharks (Library of Congress)
Subject: Sharks (Library of Congress)
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Participation
Education
All About Sharks (OLogy, American Museum of Natural History)
MERLOT: Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching
OER Commons: Open Educational Resources
Community
Occupation
Organization
American Elasmobranch Society
American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
Zoological Association of America
Association of Zoos and Aquariums
News
Sharks (EurekaAlert, American Association for the Advancement of Science)
Sharks (bioRxiv: Preprint Server for Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
Sharks (JSTOR)
Sharks (Science Daily)
Sharks (Science News)
Sharks (Phys.org)
Sharks (NPR Archives)
Government
Fun Facts About Shocking Sharks (Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries)
Fish & Sharks (Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries)
More News …
Phys.org - latest science and technology news stories Phys.org internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Physics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine.
- Shark face study uncovers 400-million-year-old...on May 11, 2026 at 9:20 pm
Most of what scientists know about face development comes from studies in bony vertebrates such as mice, chickens, and zebrafish. However, their evolutionary counterparts, cartilaginous fishes, have remained largely unexplored. This gap has limited our understanding of how facial structures evolved at the origin of jawed vertebrates.
- 'Not just hot water': Marine heat waves can...on May 6, 2026 at 4:00 pm
Heat stress from marine heat waves can create a toxic relationship between seagrasses and a hidden ecosystem of bacteria, transforming a previously beneficial co-existence between marine plants and microbes into a harmful one, a University of Sydney and UNSW study has found. The research is published in New Phytologist.
- Giant squid among rare and elusive marine life...on May 5, 2026 at 10:20 pm
A Curtin University-led study has revealed the extraordinary biodiversity hidden in deep underwater canyons off Western Australia's Nyinggulu (Ningaloo) coast, ranging from species previously undetected in the area, such as the elusive giant squid, to others thought to be new to science.
- Scientists use lasers to determine the age of...on May 4, 2026 at 11:40 am
Not many scientific studies sound like a Bond film, but ours really does involve lasers, sharks and doctors (of research, not the evil kind).
- Bigger, faster, but still outfoxed: How prey...on May 1, 2026 at 5:00 pm
Predators are typically larger, faster, and more powerful than the animals they hunt. Yet in nature, most attacks fail. A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, by researchers from the University of Amsterdam Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), asks: why do prey get away so often? The key, the researchers found, lies in something the original model overlooked: reaction times.
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Related
Here are links to pages about closely related subjects.
Sphere Land, Ice, Water (Ocean), Air, Life (Cell, Gene)
Ecosystem Forest, Grassland, Desert, Arctic, Aquatic
Tree of Life
Microorganism Virus
Prokaryote Archaea, Bacteria
Eukaryote Protist, Fungi, Algae, Protozoa (Tardigrade)
Plant Flower, Tree
Animal
Invertebrate
Cnidaria Coral, Jellyfish
Cephalopod Cuttlefish, Octopus
Crustacean Lobster, Shrimp
Arachnid Spider, Scorpion
Insect Ant, Bee, Beetle, Butterfly
Vertebrate
Fish Seahorse, Ray, Shark
Amphibian Frog, Salamander
Reptile Turtle, Tortoise, Dinosaur
Bird Penguin, Ostrich, Owl, Crow, Parrot
Mammal Platypus, Bat, Mouse, Rabbit, Goat, Giraffe, Camel, Horse, Elephant, Mammoth
Walrus, Seal, Polar Bear, Bear, Panda, Cat, Tiger, Lion, Dog, Wolf
Cetacean Whale, Dolphin
Primate Monkey, Chimpanzee, Human
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Notes
1. The resources on this page are are organized by a classification scheme developed exclusively for Cosma.





