Neptune

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Neptune : the planet eighth in order from the sun — Merriam-Webster See also OneLook

Encyclopedia

Neptune Neptune is the eighth and farthest-known planet from the Sun. It is the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. It is 17 times the mass of Earth, and slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus. Neptune is denser and physically smaller than Uranus because its greater mass causes more gravitational compression of its atmosphere. It is referred to as one of the solar system’s two ice giant planets (the other one being Uranus). Being composed primarily of gases and liquids, it has no well-defined “solid surface”. The planet orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 AU (4.5 billion km; 2.8 billion mi). It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol ♆, representing Neptune’s trident. — Wikipedia

Neptune (Encyclopædia Britannica)
Neptune (COSMOS: The SAO Encyclopedia of Astronomy)

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Inspiration

NASA’s Eyes is a freely available suite of computer visualization applications created by the Visualization Technology Applications and Development Team at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to render scientifically accurate views of the planets studied by JPL missions and the spacecraft used in that study. — Wikipedia

Neptune (NASA’s Eyes on the Solar System, NASA’s JPL & Cal Tech)

Articles about Neptune (Big Think)

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Innovation

Science

ScienceAtNASA (YouTube Channel)
NASA Science (Official Website)

NASA Goddard (YouTube Channel)
NASA Goddard (Official Website)

Neptune (NASA Science)

Neptune Videos (ViewSpace, Space Telescope Science Institute)

Neptune, Planet of Wind and Ice (Planetary Society)

Neptune (Eric Weisstein’s World of Astronomy, Wolfram Research)
Neptune (Wolfram Alpha)

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Preservation

History

Neptune is not visible to the unaided eye and is the only planet in the Solar System found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation. Unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus led Alexis Bouvard to hypothesise that its orbit was subject to gravitational perturbation by an unknown planet. After Bouvard’s death, the position of Neptune was predicted from his observations, independently, by John Couch Adams and Urbain Le Verrier. Neptune was subsequently observed with a telescope on 23 September 1846 by Johann Galle within a degree of the position predicted by Le Verrier. Its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter. — Wikipedia

Astronomers Discover Neptune, the Eighth Planet (John Uri, NASA Johnson Space Center)
Neptune’s Discovery (Encyclopædia Britannica)
Discovery of Neptune (Wikipedia)

Voyager Program is an American scientific program that employs two robotic interstellar probes, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2. They were launched in 1977 to take advantage of a favorable alignment of Jupiter and Saturn, to fly near them while collecting data for transmission back to Earth. — Wikipedia

NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (YouTube Channel)
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Official Website)

Voyager 1 & 2 (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, YouTube Playlist)
Voyager Mission (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory)

Voyager Mission (NASA Science)
Voyager 2 (NASA Science)

The Voyager Spacecraft’s 40 Year Journey (The New York Times, YouTube Video)
The Story of the Voyager Expedition (The New Yorker, YouTube Video)

Voyager 2 and the Grand Tour (The History Guy, YouTube Video)

Voyager Mission (Planetary Society)
Voyager Program (Wikipedia)

Neptune: Exploration (NASA Science)

Library

DDC: 523.481 Neptune (Library Thing)
Subject: Neptune (Library Thing)

Subject: Neptune (Open Library)

LCC: QB 691 Neptune (Library of Congress)
Subject: Neptune (Library of Congress)

Subject: Neptune (WorldCat)

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Participation

Education

Neptune – Level 1 (StarChild, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA)
Neptune – Level 2 (StarChild, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA)

All About Neptune (Space Place, NASA)
Neptune (Cosmos4Kids)

Uranus & Neptune (Crash Course Astronomy, YouTube Video)

MERLOT: Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching
OER Commons: Open Educational Resources

Community

Organization

Saturn, Uranus & Neptune Section (British Astronomical Association)

News

Neptune (Nova Research Highlights, American Astronomical Society)
Neptune (EurekaAlert, AAAS)
Neptune (Astronomy Magazine)
Planet Neptune (JSTOR)
Neptune (Science Daily)
Neptune (Phys.org)

Recent News from Phys.org …

Striking new images of unique supernova remnant...
on October 6, 2026 at 4:00 pm
The only known supernova remnant of its kind in the Milky Way has an unexpectedly intricate structure: chains of gas knots resembling pearls on a string, each wide enough to fit the solar system multiple times. Using the Gemini North telescope, an international team co-led by Ilaria Caiazzo, assistant professor at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), captured the most detailed view yet of Pa 30, revealing striking new features of the remnant associated with a historical […]
Alien life? Why the possibility of exoplanet LHS...
on September 29, 2026 at 11:20 pm
This summer, exoplanet science—the study of planets orbiting stars beyond our sun—took a big step forward. Reports of helium gas escaping from the atmosphere of LHS 1140b propelled this exoplanet from the pages of scientific journals into the mainstream media.
Astronomers capture an unprecedented view of gas...
on September 24, 2026 at 3:20 pm
In recent decades, astronomers have reconstructed a fairly complete scenario for planet formation, from minute dust motes clumping together to the emergence of rocky spheres thousands of kilometers across, like Earth, or larger gas giants like Jupiter.
A 'rebellious' exoplanet orbits in the opposite...
on September 21, 2026 at 3:00 pm
A star and its planets form when a cloud of gas and dust collapses in on itself somewhere in space. The cloud then forms a disk around the nascent star, within which the planets will form. This protostar and its disk then rotate in the same direction.
Scientists simulate cosmic crashes to test...
on September 19, 2026 at 11:00 am
Many of the moons orbiting Saturn, Uranus and Neptune likely conceal oceans of liquid water beneath miles of icy shell. Because life as we know it needs water, these buried oceans rank among the most promising places to search for life beyond Earth.